With the continuous expansion of the scale of road and bridge construction in China, bridges account for a considerable workload in road construction; however, the quality problems that follow are also increasing day by day, and the causes of these problems are varied. This paper first elaborates and puts forward some problems in bridge construction, and then elaborates measures to improve these problems.

　　Roads are an important lifeline of the national economy. Because of their unique flexibility and superiority, they play a role that cannot be replaced by other modes of transportation. Road construction is also one of the country's most important basic industries. Its rapid development is of very important significance for promoting the national economy and driving the development of other related industries. China has a vast territory with many mountains, ridges, and hilly areas. In addition, China is still in the primary stage of socialism, economic development is uneven, and the overall level is not high. Therefore, road construction in China shows even more clearly its special importance to China's economic development. To some extent, we can say that the quality problems of roads and bridges are often caused by the carelessness of construction personnel, who fail to pay the necessary attention to issues that should be noted and valued during road and bridge construction. For this reason, relevant personnel must attach sufficient importance to road and bridge construction issues.

　　1 Cracks in bridges

　　Cracks in roads and bridges not only affect the appearance and normal use of the structure, but also weaken the strength and stiffness of the bridge structure, thereby leading to engineering accidents. The main material used in road construction in China is concrete, and the problem of cracks in concrete structures is currently common among technical problems in road construction. In addition to reasons such as poor quality of bridge concrete raw materials, another part of the reason is that construction personnel fail to use concrete reasonably. For example, they do not pay attention to the concrete strength grade, causing the concrete to be exposed for too long and thus to become damp and deteriorate; during construction, the concrete mix proportion does not meet the specification requirements, and proportions are randomly set based only on personal experience rather than standard regulations; during concrete pouring, the concrete is insufficiently vibrated or vibrated too forcefully; after the concrete formwork is removed, necessary curing is not provided, resulting in dry cracking on the concrete surface due to water shortage, etc. For this reason, construction personnel should carry out routine calculations for bridge concrete during construction. China stipulates that the maximum crack width of reinforced concrete members is 0.2~0.3 mm. In addition, temperature crack calculations should be carried out, and thermal insulation design should be adopted; the reasonable concrete strength grade should be selected by considering the location of the concrete structure; appropriate calculation models should be used for the concrete reinforcement ratio, and effective comprehensive measures should be taken from the aspects of material performance and structural form; in addition, reasonable construction technology should be applied, construction should be carried out according to the designed concrete strength grade requirements, the amount of cement and the water-cement ratio should be controlled, attention should be paid to concrete vibration technology, the formwork removal time should be calculated properly, and a certain amount of admixtures and supplementary cementitious materials (with little effect on shrinkage and heat of hydration) should be selected. In high-temperature weather, well water should be used to mix concrete, which can reduce the pouring temperature. Although cracks in bridge concrete structures are unavoidable, construction personnel should adopt reasonable treatment methods according to the current condition and causes of the cracks to ensure the appearance and safety of roads and bridges after completion.

　　2 Corrosion of bridge reinforcement

　　The service life of steel reinforcement is closely related to the service life of the bridge. If bridge reinforcement corrodes, it will seriously endanger the service life and safety of roads and bridges. There are many factors affecting reinforcement corrosion, such as raw materials, environment, construction, etc., and other factors such as the stress state of the reinforcement can also cause corrosion. The mechanism of bridge reinforcement corrosion is very complex, so anti-corrosion of road and bridge reinforcement is a systematic project that requires comprehensive treatment with many measures. During the process of building roads and bridges, construction workers should strengthen their awareness of bridge reinforcement protection and use coated reinforcement. This kind of reinforcement is ordinary low-carbon steel with an anti-corrosion coating on its surface, isolating it from corrosive environments (acid rain, exhaust gas, deicing agents, etc.), thereby achieving the anti-corrosion purpose of ordinary low-carbon steel. The coating material must not be damaged. Whether in transportation, storage, or installation, this material has certain durability and persistence under harsh conditions and can maintain its structural function throughout the service life of road and bridge reinforcement. In addition, construction workers can also use electrochemical protection methods to prevent bridge reinforcement corrosion. This protection method has a certain technical content: it causes the reinforcement to carry a sufficient number of excess electrons, so that regardless of the hardness of the corrosive liquid, the reinforcement will not corrode and will always remain in a stable state. For reinforcement that has already corroded, repair should be actively carried out: remove all concrete in the corroded area, use sandblasting to remove rust, and add a certain amount of reinforcement according to actual conditions to ensure the reinforcement content in the beam body. Finally, it should be emphasized that while strengthening bridge reinforcement anti-corrosion, construction workers should combine this with local actual conditions and classify bridges according to their political and economic status, climatic conditions, geographical location, etc., and select economically reasonable anti-corrosion materials that meet usage requirements according to the classification.

　　3 Loosening and falling off of bridge deck pavement

　　Although the bridge deck pavement occupies a relatively small volume in the bridge, it is very important for the smooth operation of road traffic. Among the road and bridge quality problems that have been successively exposed, the quality problems of bridge deck pavement have received some attention. In some bridge construction, the construction quality of bridge deck pavement is often neglected, the control of construction procedures is not strict, and only surface work is emphasized, with efforts focused on appearance quality. As a result, the bridge deck pavement prematurely develops problems such as cracks, looseness, and falling off, and the maintenance cycle becomes shorter and shorter. In terms of structure, bridge deck pavement belongs to a rigid structure. At present, heavy-load traffic and overload phenomena in China are becoming more and more serious. The pavement directly bears the impact of vehicle and pedestrian loads. The current bridge deck pavement is no longer compatible with the rapid increase in the number of heavy or extra-heavy vehicles, thus increasing the load on the bridge deck pavement. Therefore, during the construction of bridge deck pavement, construction personnel should pay attention to ensuring the thickness of the bridge deck pavement. The paving material should have good bending performance, which can weaken or avoid bending cracks in the pavement, and it should be ensured that the paving material does not show obvious cracking or other problems during use. The waterproof layer of the paving material should be given full attention during construction, and it should be ensured that after paving there is basically no water seepage, so as to prevent water from penetrating into the material and causing various water damages, thereby shortening the service life of the bridge deck pavement. For road bridges in non-freezing areas, a certain thickness of waterproof concrete (thickness can reach 8~10 cm) can be laid on the bridge deck pavement; for road bridges in freezing areas where cracks may occur, asphalt concrete or overlay concrete can be laid. This kind of concrete is flexible and can effectively prevent cracks in bridge deck pavement.

　　4 Low quality of bridge construction personnel

　　Most road construction sites in China are located in places with few people, dense forests, and high mountains, where living conditions are poor and transportation is inconvenient. This requires road construction personnel to have firm work beliefs, solid political quality, and an outlook on life and values of serving the people wholeheartedly. Only in this way can they truly regard the road as home and the road as their career, and peacefully make contributions to the take-off of China's economy and the development of mountain road undertakings. However, in real life, many construction personnel are afraid of hardship and fatigue, have low professional quality, and shrink back in fear when encountering a small difficulty. Some construction personnel also think that because they are professionally trained and feel that they understand technology and are educated, they are more than capable of handling current technical problems. This is a quite wrong idea. Construction personnel should continuously learn new professional knowledge and improve their own literacy and abilities. ① Construction personnel should continuously improve their professional and technical level, update their knowledge, keep pace with the times, and adapt to the development requirements of society. They should always keep in mind that in today's era science and technology are advancing by leaps and bounds, and knowledge that is useful today may become outdated tomorrow. Only by continuous learning can one avoid being eliminated by society. ② Construction personnel should have more exposure to and learn knowledge in various aspects such as management, law, and networks, and achieve proficiency in one field while having multiple abilities. In addition to understanding construction technology, they should also be familiar with related knowledge such as aesthetics, environmental protection, and hydrogeology, so as to build bridges that are both beautiful and economical. ③ Construction personnel should be familiar with relevant knowledge such as relevant laws, claim procedures, and contract clauses. China has joined the WTO, and economic activities are gradually aligning with international practices. Construction personnel should know how to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of construction site units, build bridges that conform to specifications, and improve China's market competitiveness.

　　5 Conclusion

　　Quality control in road engineering construction is an important task. It not only requires the full cooperation of project participants, but also requires sufficient sense of responsibility. During bridge construction, material resources should be used economically and reasonably, construction principles should be adhered to, and the current national construction specifications and nationally approved technical standards should be strictly implemented; modern construction methods such as "reliability construction" and "structural optimization construction" should be actively promoted and applied; attention should be paid to adapting measures to local conditions, saving construction funds, and using local materials, etc. This requires construction workers and relevant personnel to learn from experience and take various measures to avoid adverse factors and ensure bridge quality. Strengthening the control of construction quality in road engineering construction can not only ensure project quality, ensure driving safety, and extend the service life of roads, but also avoid economic losses to the country caused by rework or major repairs.